GC-MS Characterization, In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and In Silico NADPH Oxidase Inhibition Studies of Anvillea radiata Essential Oils

Anvillea radiata is a medicinal plant that has been used in traditional phytotherapy North Africa as treatment for various illnesses. In this study, we aim to explore the antioxidant, antifungal, and antibacterial effects of essential oils (EOAR) collected Morocco. EOAR was extracted by hydrodistillation method, phytochemical identification carried out gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The antioxidant capacity evaluated 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ferricyanide method (FRAP) well total (TAC). Antifungal properties were determined use disc diffusion minimum inhibitory concentration assays. microbial strains antimicrobial evaluation were: Aspergillus niger (MTCC 282), flavus 9606), Fusarium oxysporum 9913), Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Escherichia coli (ATB 97/BGM), Staphylococcus aureus 6633), Bacillus subtills (DSM 6333), 57/B6N). Based on silico simulations, power against nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH) evaluated. yield oil 0.96% wherein 12 compounds identified including α-cuprenene (33.48%) camphor (21.41%) α-himachalene (15.88%) major compounds. showed an IC50 32.36 µg/mL EC-50 value 64.60 ± 3.71 FRAP assay. 977.51 22.38 µg AAE/mg As effects, inhibition diameter studied bacteria ranged from 23.50 2.31 mm 29.50 2.21 mm, while fungi, 25.12 2.82 11.42 1.90 mm. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) 12.71 1.59 23.53 0.78 bacterial 10.31 1.34 22.75 1.06 fungal strains. silico, among all analyzed, sesquiterpene γ-dehydro-ar-himachalene, monoterpenoid phenol carvacrol, α-cadinene most active NADPH with glide score −6.233, −6.082, −5.057 Kcal/mol, respectively. Taken together, these data exhibited enormous significance agent.